轴向过载对固体火箭发动机前封头绝热层烧蚀的影响

研究了固体火箭发动机内绝热层在飞行速度条件下的炭化烧蚀特性。用烧蚀发动机的旋转实验装置上,对ＮＢＲ和ＥＰＤＭ绝热层试件进行了烧蚀实验。在加速度７０ｇ、压强５ＭＰａ、时间１０ｓ条件下,绝热层平均炭化烧蚀率增大系数小于１．７。实验结果可用为发动机绝热层设计的依据。     

A study on optimal control of the aero-propulsion system acceleration process under the supersonic state

In order to solve the aero-propulsion system acceleration optimal problem, the necessity of inlet control is discussed, and a fully new aero-propulsion system acceleration process control design including the inlet, engine, and nozzle is proposed in this paper. In the proposed propulsion system control scheme, the inlet, engine, and nozzle are simultaneously adjusted through the FSQP method. In order to implement the control scheme design, an aero-propulsion system component-level model is built to simulate the inlet working performance and the matching problems between the inlet and engine. Meanwhile, a stabilizing inlet control scheme is designed to solve the inlet con-trol problems. In optimal control of the aero-propulsion system acceleration process, the inlet is an emphasized control unit in the optimal acceleration control system. Two inlet control patterns are discussed in the simulation. The simulation results prove that by taking the inlet ramp angle as an active control variable instead of being modulated passively, acceleration performance could be obviously enhanced. Acceleration objectives could be obtained with a faster acceleration time by 5%.     

A Critique of What is the Logical Problem of Foreign Language Learning

The logical problem of foreign language learning has long been a very controversial topic.Bley-Vroman claims that L2 acquisition is very different from L1 acquisition in his paper‘What is the logical problem of foreign language learning'.This paper views differently from his points about the role of native language,negative evidence and domain-specific cognitive facility.He emphasizes the facilitative role of the native language and ignoring the negative role of it.He views that negative evidence plays n...     

X波段异向介质设计及其负折射特性研究

通过对异向介质激发机理的深入分析，最终设计出了一种结构新颖的小单元、宽频带异向介质。其绝对带宽达到2．6GHz，远远优于传统异向介质。文中对这种异向介质的后向波特性和负折射特性进行了数值仿真，结果表明，在异向介质工作频段内观测到明显的后向波效应和负折射效应，从而使该异向介质的存在性得到有力证明。本研究成果为基于异向介质的新型微波、毫米波器件在空间通信技术中的应用奠定了坚实的基础。     

精密离心机的现状与未来

精密离心机是用于惯性器件检定、校准和测试的高精度惯导测试设备.它通过主轴的高速旋转在仪器舱内产生加速度场,从而实现对惯性器件使用过程中加速度环境的模拟.精密离心机的主要技术指标就是它产生的加速度的范围和不确定度,目前,我国精密离心机正朝着更精确的加速度 不确定度水平、大负载、多轴、温度试验等方向发展.     

An Overview of the Origin of Galactic Cosmic Rays as Inferred from Observations of Heavy Ion Composition and Spectra

The galactic cosmic rays arriving near Earth, which include both stable and long-lived nuclides from throughout the periodic table, consist of a mix of stellar nucleosynthesis products accelerated by shocks in the interstellar medium (ISM) and fragmentation products made by high-energy collisions during propagation through the ISM. Through the study of the composition and spectra of a variety of elements and isotopes in this diverse sample, models have been developed for the origin, acceleration, and transport of galactic cosmic rays. We present an overview of the current understanding of these topics emphasizing the insights that have been gained through investigations in the charge and energy ranges Z≲30 and E/M≲1 GeV/nuc, and particularly those using data obtained from the Cosmic Ray Isotope Spectrometer on NASA’s Advanced Composition Explorer mission.     

挠性空间飞行器的双回路控制器设计

针对大型挠性空间结构频率低，阻尼小，铡体与各挠性模态之间互相耦合等特点，提出了一种双回路控制器的设计方法，回路的设计采用了最优滑动模态的变结构设计方法，且考虑了鲁棒稳定性问题。最后，给出了结果的数字仿真从仿真曲线可以看出，对于基于模态截断的大型挠性空间飞行器，该设计方法具有一定的鲁棒性。     

Minimum time span of TOPEX/Poseidon,Jason-1 and Jason-2 global altimeter data to detect a significant trend and acceleration in sea level change

The present study aims to estimate a minimum time span of the global mean sea level time series (from TOPEX/Poseidon, Jason-1 and Jason-2 satellite altimetry) which is sufficient to detect a statistically meaningful trend in global sea level variation. In addition, the objective of this paper is also to seek a minimum time span required to detect a significant acceleration in sea level change.     

Modeling the acceleration and modulation of anomalous cosmic ray oxygen

After the solar wind termination shock crossings of the Voyager spacecraft, the acceleration of anomalous cosmic rays has become a very contentious subject. In this paper we examine several topics pertinent to anomalous cosmic ray oxygen acceleration and transport using a numerical cosmic ray modulation model. These include the effects of drifts on a purely Fermi I accelerated spectra, the effects of introducing higher charge states of oxygen into the modulation model, examining the viability of momentum diffusion as a re-acceleration process in the heliosheath and examining energy spectra, and intensity gradients, in the inner heliosphere during consecutive drift cycles.     

Validation of numerical prediction of dynamic derivatives: The DLR-F12 and the Transcruiser test cases

The dynamic derivatives are widely used in linear aerodynamic models in order to determine the flying qualities of an aircraft: the ability to predict them reliably, quickly and sufficiently early in the design process is vital in order to avoid late and costly component redesigns. This paper describes experimental and computational research dealing with the determination of dynamic derivatives carried out within the FP6 European project SimSAC. Numerical and experimental results are compared for two aircraft configurations: a generic civil transport aircraft, wing-fuselage-tail configuration called the DLR-F12 and a generic Transonic CRuiser, which is a canard configuration. Static and dynamic wind tunnel tests have been carried out for both configurations and are briefly described within this paper. The data generated for both the DLR-F12 and TCR configurations include force and pressure coefficients obtained during small amplitude pitch, roll and yaw oscillations while the data for the TCR configuration also include large amplitude oscillations, in order to investigate the dynamic effects on nonlinear aerodynamic characteristics. In addition, dynamic derivatives have been determined for both configurations with a large panel of tools, from linear aerodynamic (Vortex Lattice Methods) to CFD. This work confirms that an increase in fidelity level enables the dynamic derivatives to be calculated more accurately. Linear aerodynamics tools are shown to give satisfactory results but are very sensitive to the geometry/mesh input data. Although all the quasi-steady CFD approaches give comparable results (robustness) for steady dynamic derivatives, they do not allow the prediction of unsteady components for the dynamic derivatives (angular derivatives with respect to time): this can be done with either a fully unsteady approach i.e. with a time-marching scheme or with frequency domain solvers, both of which provide comparable results for the DLR-F12 test case. As far as the canard configuration is concerned, strong limitations for the linear aerodynamic tools are observed. A key aspect of this work are the acceleration techniques developed for CFD methods, which allow the computational time to be dramatically reduced while providing comparable results.